Why this score?
Four weighted factors drive the Clay County risk score. Methodology is fully documented — each input is public data or a reasoned proxy.
Limited in-county generation, but adjacent counties have significant capacity.
St. Johns River WMD — mixed urban/rural, moderate capacity.
Suburban. Some large parcels available, but growing competition.
No direct adjacency, but known projects within the broader region.
Water infrastructure
Any hyperscale data center in Clay County would need a consumptive use permit from the St. Johns River Water Management District.
The St. Johns River Water Management District covers 23% of Florida's land area and serves roughly 4.7 million residents across northeast and east-central Florida. Average daily water use hit 1.49 billion gallons in 2023. The district declared a Phase 1 Moderate Water Shortage in February 2026 affecting parts of Alachua, Baker, Bradford, Marion, and all of Duval County.
A single hyperscale data center using evaporative cooling can require 1–5 million gallons per day. With the district under an active Phase 1 Water Shortage declaration in early 2026, any new consumptive use permit for millions of gallons per day faces a much higher bar than in a normal water year.
Electric infrastructure
Grid capacity and transmission access are the single biggest driver of where hyperscale developers actually site projects.
Clay County has an unusually diverse utility mix. Clay Electric Cooperative serves the majority of customers, with Jacksonville Electric Authority (JEA), and Florida Power & Light covering cooperative and municipal territory within the county. Directly adjacent to Duval County (Jacksonville metro).
Electric cooperatives are member-owned and typically serve rural territory. Cooperatives generally lack the transmission capacity needed for hyperscale loads without significant utility-funded buildout, making cooperative-served areas less attractive to data center developers than investor-owned territory.
State legislative context
Florida's 2026 legislative session produced the regulatory framework that will shape every data center proposal in the state, including any that may come to Clay County.
Florida's 2026 legislative session produced multiple bills that directly affect how data centers can be sited and permitted statewide, including in Clay County. Only SB 484 became law — Chapter 2026-65, effective July 1, 2026. HB 1007 was laid on the table on March 11 and folded into it. Early versions of both proposed statewide siting restrictions, mandatory impact studies, and minimum setbacks from homes and schools. The enacted law contains none of those. What it does: requires the Public Service Commission to set tariffs ensuring large load customers pay their own cost of service rather than shifting it onto residential ratepayers (utilities must file by October 1, 2026), creates distinct consumptive use permit requirements for large-scale data centers, and eliminates the additional 12-month extension on the public-records exemption for data center projects. It does not ban data centers. The new s. 163.326 states that siting, infrastructure capacity, and land use compatibility "shall be addressed through local comprehensive planning and land development regulations" — the Legislature explicitly left this decision to your county commission. Under existing law (s. 288.075), economic development agencies can already shield project details for 12 months on written request — the mechanism behind code names like Project Tango in Palm Beach County. SB 484 narrows it: it defines “data center,” requires the agency to disclose business activities related to a data center’s location or expansion, and eliminates the additional 12-month extension for data center projects. Twelve months of secrecy, not twenty-four — but twelve months is still long enough for a project to arrive nearly finished.
No active data center in Clay County — yet.
Palm Beach got four days notice before their first zoning vote. Nassau County's moratorium vote is June 8 — literally next door. What they did, you can do — but only if you're ready before the proposal lands.
Enter your address and pick your concerns. We write a personalized opposition letter citing state statutes, local project data, and your specific concerns — then email it directly to every commissioner in your county on your behalf. You get a full copy of everything sent.
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Not legal advice. Each letter cites Florida public records, the Sunshine Law, SB 484, and documented data center cases from Newton County GA, Mansfield GA, and Bessemer AL.
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